Proper noun

Wales

1. A principality in the west of, and one of the constituent nations of, the United Kingdom.
2. A surname.

Quotations

• 1976, , The Oxford Illustrated Dictionary, page 949:

  Wales (-lz). Principality occupying extreme W. of central southern portion of Gt Britain

Wales ( /ˈweɪlz/ (help·info) Welsh: Cymru; pronounced [ˈkəmrɨ] (help·info)) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom, bordered by England to its east, and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. Wales has a population estimated at three million and is officially bilingual; the indigenous Welsh language and English have equal status, and bilingual signs are the norm throughout the land. The once-steady decline in Welsh speaking has reversed over recent years, however, with fluent Welsh speakers currently estimated to be around 20% of the population.

During the Iron Age and early medieval period, Wales was inhabited by the Celtic Britons. A distinct Welsh national identity emerged in the centuries after the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century, and Wales is regarded as one of the modern Celtic nations today. In the 13th century, the defeat of Llewelyn by Edward I completed the Anglo-Norman conquest of Wales and brought about centuries of English occupation. Wales was subsequently incorporated into England with the Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542, creating the legal entity known today as England and Wales. Distinctive Welsh politics developed in the 19th century, and in 1881 the Welsh Sunday Closing Act became the first legislation applied exclusively to Wales. In 1999 the National Assembly for Wales was created, which holds responsibility for a range of devolved matters.

In 1955, Cardiff (Welsh: Caerdydd) was proclaimed as the capital city and it is the largest city in Wales with a population of 317,500. For a period it was the biggest coal port in the world and, for a few years before World War I, it handled a greater tonnage of cargo than either London or Liverpool. Two-thirds of the Welsh population live in South Wales, with another concentration in eastern North Wales. Many tourists visiting Wales have been drawn to its "wild ... and picturesque" landscapes. From the late 19th century onwards, Wales acquired its popular image as the "land of song", attributable in part to the revival of the eisteddfod tradition. Actors, singers and other artists are celebrated in Wales today, often achieving international success. Cardiff is the largest media centre in the UK outside of London.

Llywelyn the Great founded the Principality of Wales in 1216. Just over a hundred years after the Edwardian Conquest, in the early 15th century Owain Glyndŵr briefly restored independence to what was to become modern Wales. Traditionally the British Royal Family have bestowed the courtesy title of "Prince of Wales" upon the male heir apparent of the reigning monarch. Wales is sometimes referred to as the "Principality of Wales", or just the "principality", although this has no modern geographical or constitutional basis.

Wales

Wales is a principality lying to the west of England, and forming a constituent part of the United Kingdom.

Sourced

• Nec alia, ut arbitror, gens quam haec Kambrica, aliave lingua, in die districti examinis coram Judice supremo, quicquid de ampliori contingat, pro hoc terrarum angulo respondebit.
  • Whatever else may come to pass, I do not think that on the Day of Direst Judgement any race other than the Welsh, or any other language, will give answer to the Supreme Judge of all for this small corner of the earth.
  • Gerald of Wales, quoting an unnamed Welshman, in Descriptio Cambriae (1194), Bk. 2, ch. 10; translation from Lewis Thorpe (trans.) The Journey Through Wales and the Description of Wales (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978) p. 274.

• The land of my fathers. My fathers can have it.
  • Dylan Thomas, in Adam, December 1953.

• There are still parts of Wales where the only concession to gaiety is a striped shroud.
  • Gwyn Thomas, in Punch June 18, 1958.

From Wikiquote under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Fri Sep 3 22:50:29 2010